Precision pressure gauges are equipped with a Bourdon tube as the measuring element - either circular or helical, depending on the measuring range.
Bourdon tubes always have an oval cross-section (the cross-section must not be round). The tube wall thickness and the geometry of the cross-section determine the pressure measuring range.
If pressure is applied to the precision pressure gauge, it is greater on the inside of the Bourdon tube than on the outside. This causes the Bourdon tube material to change its oval cross-section towards a circular shape, causing the Bourdon tube to bend slightly and its free end to perform a linear movement. This spring movement is transmitted to a pointer mechanism via a pull rod. The pointer mechanism converts the linear movement into a rotary movement, which moves the pressure gauge pointer on the scale.